2,637 Years of Physics from Thales of Miletos to the Modern Era by Cohen Sheldon;

Author:Cohen, Sheldon;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Science & Nature
ISBN: 9781456628949
Publisher: eBookIt.com
Published: 2017-10-06T00:00:00+00:00

The Irish physicist,

G. Johnstone Stoney (1826-1911)

named these particles “electrons.”

Electricity, then, was the free flow of electrons moving rapidly through space and not bound to any atom. Thomson opened the door to modern physics.

Since the size of an atom was known, and since the weight of the electron was determined to be approximately 1/1900th of the weight of an atom, and since the atom was electrically neutral, there had to be a positively charged component in the atom in order to balance the electron’s negative charge.

Physicists now had to make sense out of the fact that a very tiny, light electron with a negative charge plus a positive charge that contained the remaining 1,899/1900th of the weight equaled the complete atom.

Thomson now proposed an atomic model that included a positively charged body in which was imbedded electrons, enough to balance the positive charge, and scattered in position away from each other. They could not be in proximity to each other because like charges repel. Therefore, the electrons had to be far enough away from each other to be at rest and in equilibrium with themselves and the positively charged substance. He likened it to seeds in a watermelon.

This atomic model became an accepted hypothesis, but lacked proof.

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